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The lectures in this course covers the following topics; historical back ground; chemistry of nucleic acid; Watson-Crick model of DNA; physical and chemical properties of nucleic acids; an introduction to gene function (selection, transcription and translation); transcription in prokaryotic cells; regulation of transcription in prokaryotic cells; transcription in eukaryotic cells; regulation of transcription in eukaryotic cells; general and specific transcription factors; post transcriptional events ; translation and the genetic code; post translational events; DNA replication in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; Mutation and DNA repair. the laboratory covers the following topics: Isolation of nucleic acids; quantitative and qualitative measurements of nucleic acids; the use of restriction enzymes; Amplification of nucleic acids; characterization and manipulation of the recombinant plasmid pGLO containing GFP gene; bacterial transformation and gene expression and protein produced isolation ; DNA-cloning and southern blot.
Third Year
  
Virus structure, viroids, satellites, prions, virus evolution,multiplication of viruses, virus taxonomy, viral pathogenesis, viral persistant, latency, patterns of some viral diseases of human, cell transformation by viruses, host-immune response to viral infections, interferons, antiviral agents, immunization and vaccination
Fourth Year
  
The course introduces both principles and application of recombinant DNA technology to microbes, animals and plants in the hop of using genetically engineered products to clear the environment and improve human health prospects. This would be achieved trough tackling the history of biotechnology, basic principles of recombinant DNA technology, common methods of applications of animals, human and medical biotechnology. Common methods of applications of plant biotechnology. Methods of applications of microbial and environmental biotechnology. Ethical issues of biotechnology and patenting. Current societal issues in biotechnology and bioethics
Third Year
  
Library use, reference collection, reference organization, presentation of term paper and a short talk using the collected references.
Fourth Year
  
The student chooses a research project in one of the fields of biological sciences which he/she must complete and write in an acceptable scientific manner during the semester (Only students with total average of B and above are allowed to register for this course).
Fourth Year
  
Internal structure of the cell, molecules of the cell, metabolism, respiration and photosynthesis, cell-cell signaling, cell division, Mendelian inheritance, molecular biology of the gene, DNA technology, chemical signals in plants and animals, phylogeny and systematic introduction to ecosystems
First Year
  
Parasite-host relations in selected infectious diseases, role of bacteria, fungi, viruses in pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, lab diagnosis and prevention
Third Year
  
Food as a substrate for microorganisms, factors affecting growth in food; microorganisms important in food, principles of food preservation, food borne diseases and toxins.
Fourth Year
  
History and scope of microbiology ; prokaryotes cell structure and function; metabolism and nutrition , microbial growth, requirements for growth , environmental factors affecting growth, effect of antimicrobial agents on growth; microbial genetics, and gene cloning , bacterial reproduction, microbial taxonomy, major groups of bacteria, microorganisms and environment, elements cycling ; symbiotic associations; immune response and antigen – antibody reactions in vitro.
Third Year
  
Using embryonic, morphological , and developmental patterns in the anatomy of vertebrates Dissecting samples of vertebrate classes in the laboratory
Third Year
  
A study of the functional aspects of the internal structure for all plants vegetative and reproductive organs and development of vascular plants
Third Year
  
Plant water relations: absorption, transport and transpiration. Mineral nutrition, photosynthesis, phloem translocation, phytohormones. growth, dormancy ; seed germination, phytochrome and phtomorphogenesis and stress physiology
Third Year