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Kamel Z. Mahmoud, Saad M. Gharaibeh, Hana A. Zakaria and Amer M. Qatramiz
Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Science
ABSTRACT : Forty-eight 40-wk-old Hi-sex laying hens were individually caged in an environmentally controlled house to evaluate the effect of garlic (Allium Sativum) juice administration on egg production, egg quality, and yolk cholesterol. Garlic juice was prepared by blending pealed garlic cloves with distilled water (1:1, w/w). Hens were randomly divided into four equal groups; one served as a control and the other three groups were individually gavaged, 3.75 ml, 7.5 ml, or 15 ml garlic juice, three times a week, which respectively represented 0.25, 0.50 and 1% of body weight. Egg production was recorded on a daily basis; egg weight, albumen height, albumen and yolk pH, Haugh unit, and bacterial count of E. coli-challenged eggs were recorded at day of oviposition (day-1) and after 5 and 10 days of storage at room temperature. Yolk cholesterol content was analyzed for five successive weeks. Garlic juice increased (p
vol. 23, No. 11: 1503-1509
The Asian-Australasian Association of Animal ProductionSciences. www.ajas.info
November, 2010
  
Hana A.H. Zakaria and Murad R. Atta
Frontiers in veterinary science
7,539
Frontiers organization
2020
  
V. Rezaeipour, F. Aghayar, A. Bozorgnia, M. Norozi and H. Zakaria
The Journal of Animal &plant sciences
29(1),: 2019, pages: 25-32
Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum(PAS forum)
2019
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F.M.F. Hayajneh, M. Jalal, H. Zakaria, A. Abdelqader, M. Abuajamieh
Polish Journal of veterinary sciences Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences Vol. 21, No. 2 (2018), 5–12 DOI 10.24425/122605 Original article Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the anticoccidial effect of apple cider vinegar added to drinking water with the anticoccidial effect of amprolium to feed broiler chicken. The study has adopted an observational approach to evaluate the anticoccidial effect of apple cider vinegar on broiler chicken. The antioxidative changes were measured adding natural apple cider vinegar to drinking water. Four hundred and fifty broiler chickens were purchased from the local market and distributed into three groups (T+vc: positive control, T-vc: negative control Tv: apple cider vinegar) with 150 chickens in each group. The three groups were further replicated into 3 blocks each containing 50 chickens. The groups were fed balanced diet, amprolium was added to the feed of positive control group, and apple cider vinegar was added to the water of Tv group. Measurements of the different variables were started from week 3, at the end of each week 3 birds were chosen randomly, blood samples were collected via the wing vein, and fecal oocysts were counted from intestinal contents of each individual bird using the McMaster technique. Broiler in the control groups T+ve and T-ve showed clinical signs of coccidiosis (blood in feces) and the number of coccidial oocytes in feces increased with time. In the vinegar group, no clinical signs of coccidiosis were observed. Concentrations of total antioxidants and catalase enzyme activity significantly increased (p≤0.05); while malondialdehyde concentration significantly decreased (p≤0.05). Keywords: apple cider vinegar, broilers, coccidial oocytes, feed, diet, disease
Vol, 21 No. (2), 361-369.
Polish Academy of sciences committe of veterinary sciences
2018
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Hana Abdul-Hadi Zakaria, Maisa'a Wasif Shammout
Brazilian Journal of poultry Science ABSTRACT Water lentils (Duckweed [DW])(Lemna gibba), in irrigation ponds, was evaluated by replacing two levels of soybean meal (SBM) on performance and egg quality of laying hens of 54 weeks of age. A total of 72 white Lohmann laying hens were randomly allocated into 3 treatments with 6 replicates/treatment, 4 hens/replicate in a randomized complete block design. Treatments were: control group (DW0%) with (SBM) as the main source of protein, T1 (DW10%) and T2 (DW20%), where duckweed replaced 10% and 20% of SBM for 9 weeks. No significant differences were observed among the dietary treatments in body weight change, feed conversion ratio, egg weight and mortality rate. Replacement with (DW20%) decreased (p
OC-Dec, 2018, Vol, 20,No. 3
Fundacao Apinco de Ciencia e Tecnologia Avicolos
2018
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Zakaria H.A.. Jalal M, Al-Titi HH, Souad A.
Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science ABSTRACT A total of 400 one-day-old, straight-run, commercial (Ross 308) broiler chicks were used to evaluate the effects of two dietary levels of zinc (Zn) sources on broiler chick performance, carcass traits and blood parameters. Corn-soybean diets were formulated for three rearing phases (starter, grower and finisher). The two dietary treatments applied consisted of the addition per kg of diet of 80mg of inorganic Zn (ZnO) (T1), or 80mg of ZnO plus 42mg of an organic Zn-amino acid complex (Availa-Zn120; Zinpro Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN, USA), totaling 122mg of the combined organic and inorganic Zn sources (T2). Birds were distributed according to a completely randomized design in the two treatments with eight replicates (pens) of 25 birds each. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. On day 42, blood samples were taken from four birds closest to the group average weight per replicate (32 per treatment) and then slaughtered for carcass evaluation. The results of this study did not find any significant effect of either of the evaluated Zn sources on broiler growth performance. Mortality rate was significantly lower (p
vol., 19, n. 3, 519-526
Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Avicola (FACTA)
2017
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Abudabos AM, Alyemni AH, Zakaria HAH
Brazilian Journal of poultry science Abstrac t The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of two strains of probiotics (Bacillus subtilis PB6 and Bacillus Cereus var. toyoi) on selected indicators of the antioxidant status and immune responses of broilers before and after challenge with Salmonella enterica subsp. Typhimurium (S. typhimurium). Birds were distributed into the following five treatments: negative control (CTL−); negative control+S. typhimurium (CTL+); antibiotic+S. typhimurium, (AB); Toyocerin®+S. typhimurium (TOYO); and CloSTATTM+ S. typhimurium (CLOS). Birds in all treatments, except for CTL−, were orally challenged with 3 x109 CFUS. typhimurium at 16 days of age. The results showed that total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) values were similar among all groups. The antibody titers against S. typhimurium and Newcastle disease (ND) were not affected by the treatments (p>0.05). However, S. typhimurium and ND titers were influenced by the interaction between week and treatment (p
v. 18/ no. 1/ 175-180
Revista Brasiliera de Ciencia Agricolo
2016
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Maisa'a W. Shammout and Hana zakaria
International conference on Mathmatical , Computational and statistical Sciences and Engineering (MCSSE, 2016) Keywords: Jordan, Irrigation ponds, Duckweed, Water purifying, Laying hen, Egg production. Abstract. Duckweed plants have been seen to grow naturally in Jordan’s irrigation ponds. Their massive reproductive capacity causes the formation of a dense cover of these plants, and raises the attention towards studying their functions as a natural water purifying agent, and as a feed source for laying hens. Therefore, this paper examined the average percentages of nutrients’ removal by duckweed, and the production performance of laying hens. The results showed that the growth of duckweed in irrigation ponds serves as a purifier for irrigation water. These plants remove an average of 20% Ca, 33% Mg, 21% K, 13% Cl, 25% SO4, 35% PO4, 1.5% Na, and 40% NO3. The analysis of the water source in irrigation ponds showed that the heavy metals (Zn, Cd, Pb, and Cu), are within Ideal Detection Limits. The analyzed duckweed samples contain; 26% protein, 2913 Kcal/Kg metabolizable energy, 5.2 fiber, 3.1% fat, 4.3% Ca and 0.86% P. A feeding trial was conducted on laying hens by replacing part of soybean with percentage of duckweed, and proved its efficiency on laying hens egg production. The results highlight the importance of this research to undergo further studies as to the utilization of these plants as a water purifier, and as the future promising feed source for livestock sector.
72--76
MCSSE
2016
  
Maisa’a W. Shammouta,*, Hana Zakaria
Ecological Engineering
A B S T R A C T The growth of wild water lentils (duckweed) in Jordan’s farm irrigation ponds has focused attention on the need to study the functions of these plants as a natural water bioremediation agent and as a potential protein source for broilers. This paper examined the water source and water quality (nutrient composition) of irrigation ponds that support duckweed plants and their suitability as broilers feed. The results showed that the source of the irrigation ponds is Zarqa River, and the analyzed water quality parameters of the source fall within the allowed limits set forth in the Jordanian Standard. The growth of duckweed in farm irrigation ponds reduces the nutrient supply to irrigated crops and serves as a purifier of irrigation water. These plants remove an average of 20% Ca, 33% Mg, 21% K, 13% Cl, 25% SO4, 35% PO4, 1.5% Na, and 40% NO3. Fresh duckweed contains approximately 94% water and 6% dry matter; the average nutrient concentrations in dry matter are 26% protein, 4.16 % N, 5.2% fiber, 3.1% fat, 0.86% P, 2.4% K, 4.3% Ca, 0.88% Mg, 0.2% Fe, 1.62% Cl, 0.16% Na, 0.008% Zn, 0.07% Mn and 0.002% Cu. This research reveals the potential for Jordan to examine the availability of duckweed in farm irrigation ponds and their function as water bioremediation agents and their suitability as a protein and nutrient source for broilers. If harvested at frequent intervals and dried, water lentil plant (duckweed) could be of great benefit to Jordan's livestock sector, especially with regard to poultry, where feedstuffs are limited in supply and prices are typically high. ã 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
83 (2015) 71–77
journal homepage: www.else vie r .com/locat e/e coleng
2015
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Alaeldein m. Abudabos, Hana A.H. Zakaria and Ahmed A. Al-sagan
MITEILUNGEN Klosterneuburg,
 
Abstract The effects of three commercial organic acids on enzymes activity, hematological and biochemical indices in broilers were examined in six weeks trial. Newly hatched chicks received one of the following 6 treatments: positive control group (CTL+); negative 16 control (CTL−); antibiotic, (NEOX); Gallimix (GALI); FormaXOL, (FORMA); and Fysal, (FYS). At 16 days of age, chicks in all treatments except for the control were inoculated with (3 x109 CFU/ml) of Salmonella enterica subsp. Typhimurium (ST). Th results revealed that albumin, globulin and their ratio were influenced by the time of 20 blood collection (P
64(2014) 9, 157-167
IFZ Klosterneuburg, www.mitt-klosterneuberg.com
2014
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Alaeldein M.Abudabos, Abdullah H. Alyemni and Hana A.H. Zakaria
Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science Abstract The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of two strains of probiotics (Bacillus subtilis PB6 and Bacillus Cereus var. toyoi) on selected indicators of the antioxidant status and immune responses of broilers before and after challenge with Salmonella enterica subsp. Typhimurium (S. typhimurium). Birds were distributed into the following five treatments: negative control (CTL−); negative control+S. typhimurium (CTL+); antibiotic+S. typhimurium, (AB); Toyocerin®+S. typhimurium (TOYO); and CloSTATTM+ S. typhimurium (CLOS). Birds in all treatments, except for CTL−, were orally challenged with 3 x109 CFUS. typhimurium at 16 days of age. The results showed that total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) values were similar among all groups. The antibody titers against S. typhimurium and Newcastle disease (ND) were not affected by the treatments (p>0.05). However, S. typhimurium and ND titers were influenced by the interaction between week and treatment (p
Vol, 18, No. 1, 175-180
Revista Brasileira de Ciência Avícola
2014
  
T.M.A. TAHA, H.Zakaria, M.Jalal and S.Bauwens
Journal of applied Animal Nutrition
Summary The present study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary supplementation of organic acids combined with synergistic components, using a commercial product Lumance™ (Innovad NV, Belgium) containing esterified butyrins, propionic acid and sorbic acid, with medium chain fatty acids (capric, caprylic, and lauric acid) and plant extracts, on the productive performance and mortality of growing broiler chickens. A total of 492, one day old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly allocated to four experimental treatments either with an unsupplemented control or 0.05, 0.1 or 0.15% organic acid mixture in a pelleted corn/soyabean meal diet, which were offered ad libitum until 35 days of age. Results showed that birds in the 0.1% supplemented diet group gave significantly higher (P < 0.05) body weights during the first two weeks of age and increased weight gain during the first three weeks of age. The inclusion had no effect on broiler mortality. Keywords: broiler: organic acid: butyrate: performance: mortality: Lumance™ (Received 28 March 2014 – Accepted 11 May 2014)
Vol, 2: e 14 page 1 to 8
Cambridge University press and Journal of Applied Animal Nutrition Ltd, 2014
2014
  
Dirgam Ahmad Roussan, Hana Zakaria, Ghaassan Khawaldeh, Ibrahim Shaheen
Open Journal of Veterinary Medecine
Abstract We examined 50 Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains isolated from broiler chickens between January 2013 to March 2014 in order to evaluate the epidemiological prevalence of avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) in Jordan by multiplex PCR and random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) tests. The multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) which was used as tentative criteria of APEC targets 8 virulence associated genes; enteroaggregative toxin (astA), Type 1 fimbria adhesion (fimH), iron-repressible protein (irp2), P fimbriae (papC), aerobactin (iucD), temperature-sensitive hemagglutinin (tsh), vacuolating autotransporter toxin (vat), and colicin V plasmid operon (cva/cvi) genes. The number of detected genes could be used as a reliable index of their virulence. E. coli strains already typed as an APEC always harbor 5 to 8 genes, but non-APEC strains harbor less than 4 genes. Assuming the criteria of an APEC is possession of 5 or more virulence associated genes; we found that all 50 E. coli strains were classified as APEC strains. The RAPD analysis showed that the E. coli strains could be grouped into 35 of RAPD types by using these two different RAPD primer sets, RAPD analysis primer 4 5'AAGAGCCCGT5', and RAPD analysis primer 6 5'CCCGTCAGCA3'. The current study confirmed the endemic nature of APEC in broiler flocks in Jordan. It is essential that the biosecurity on poultry farms should be improved to prevent the introduction and dissemination of APEC and other agents. Furthermore, farmers need to be educated about the signs, lesions, and the importance of this agent.
4,211-219
SCIRes. http//www.scrip.org/ojvm
http//dx.doi.org/ojvm.2014410025
2014
  
Alaedein M. abudabos, Faud Saleh, Andreas Lemme. Hana a.H. zakaria
Italian Journal of animal science
AbThsits rwaocrkt aimed to investigate the effects on performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens of 2 levels of guanidino acetic acid (GAA) in a commercial form (CreAMINO®) and 4 levels of metabolisable energy. The eight dietary regimens were tested for starter (0-10 d), grower (11-22 d) and finisher (23-35 d) periods on a total of 200 male ROSS 308 broiler chickens in a factorial arrangements of treatments (2􀀀4), with experimental diet fed to 5 replicate pens with 4 birds each. The results revealed a positive effect for CreAMINO® supplementation on feed conversion ratio (FCR) for the starter, grower, finisher and cumulative periods (P
volume, 13: 3269, 548-556
IJAS, Page Press
2014
  
Maisa'a W. Shammout, Hana Zakaria
Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Engineering Abstract In Jordan, the obvious availability of water lentils plant (duckweed, Lemna sp.) in the irrigation ponds has raised the attention for the need to assess its efficiency in the removal of nutrients. This paper demonstrates the environment that integrates the existence of water lentils and their effect in ponds filtering. At farm irrigation ponds, the results of the average percentage removal of Ca+2 is 20%, Mg+2 is 33%, K+1 is 21%, Cl-1 is 13%, SO4-3 is 25%, PO4-3 is 35%, Na+1 is 1.5%, and NO3-1 is 40%. Results show, that the growth of the wild water lentils plant in farm irrigation ponds is in fact a reducing agent of the nutrients supply to irrigated crops, and as a purifier to irrigation ponds. The Results of this project are to establish a fundamental phase in Jordan for further studies as to the utilization of these plants as a protein source for broilers. Keywords: water lentils plant, irrigation ponds, nutrients removal
vol, 145, 525-530
Wit Transactions on the Built Environment Witt Press.com
2014
  
MW. Shammout and H. zakaria
Environmental Engineering and Computer Application, chapter 17 ABSTRACT: This paper focuses on the irrigation water quality and on growth trend of aquatic plant so called duckweed (Lemna sp.) in farm ponds. It also focuses on duckweed growth management utilizing its benefit at farm level. The results showed that the water quality analysis in mg/l of Ca is between 120-113, Mg 48-40, K 22-18, Cl 349-340, SO4 220-188, PO4 7.6-6.3, Na 212-205, and NO3 38-31. The average protein value in dry matter of duckweed is 26%. At laboratory, duckweed’s growth showed an approximately exponential trend that continues until fronds face scarcity of nutrients. This requires the involvement of local farmers towards plant growth management. In this study, 50% of duckweed growth should be harvested every four days to be utilized as future promising feed source for broilers. Further studies will be conducted on the duckweed’s benefit values.
chapter 17, pp85-87.
Taylor and Francis group, CRC press Environmental Engineering and Computer Application – Chan (Ed.) © 2015 Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN: 978-1-138-02807-4
2014
  
H.A.zakaria, A Hammad, A.Fataftah and H.Titi
International Journal of poultry Science
Abstract: An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of dry fat (dried palm oil) as an energy source and two feed forms (mash and pelleted)used in the finisher stage on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality and blood serum metabolites of broiler chickens. A total of 450 straight-run Lohmann broiler chicks reared in an open-sided house and fed corn-soybean meal based diet with SBM oil as a source of energy from 1-28d of age. On d 28 birds were randomly assigned to 6 dietary treatments of 3 different levels of dry fat (2, 4 and 6%) and 2 forms of feed in 3 x 2 factorial arrangements. Each treatment has 3 replicates with 25 birds each (75/treatment). Experiment lasted for 42d. Processing yields and cut-ups were determined on d 42 in addition to meat quality traits and serum lipid levels. The different% of dietary fat did not improve growth performance with the interaction of fat level and feed form. But it was highly significant (P
 12 (1): 37-44,
Asian Network for Scientific Information
2013
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Mohammad A.R. Jalal and Hana A. Zakaria
Pakistan Journal of Nutrition
Abstract: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of early feed restriction on growth performance and carcass characteristics in broiler chickens. A total of 800 1-d old broilers were randomly allotted to ad libitum and 3 feed-restricted treatments, each of which was replicated 8 times (25 birds per replicate) in a randomized complete block design. Broilers were feed-restricted between 8 and 14 d of age, and fed either control ad libitum diet (F100), 50% feed intake (FI50), 65% feed intake (FI65), or 80% feed intake (FI80). Results showed that body weight and weight gain were significantly (p
11 (9): 719-724
Asian Network for Scientific Information
2012
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H.H. Titi, Y.L. Hasan, K. Al-Ismail, H. Zakaria, M.J. Tabbaa,A.Y. Abdullah and B.S. Obeidat2
Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences
A study was conducted to determine the effect of feeding soyabean or sunflower oil to lactating Shami goats on milk production, composition and fatty acid profile. Goats (n=125), 2 to 4 years of age and 55 to 60 kg liveweight, were randomly assigned to 5 treatment groups (25 each) in a completely randomized design. Diets were: a control ration (C), control supplemented with 3% soyabean oil (3%SBO), control supplemented with 5%SBO, control supplemented with 3% sunflower oil (3%SFO), and a control supplemented with 5%SFO. Variables measured were milk production, milk composition, dry matter intake, body weight, weaning weight of kids, blood metabolites, and milk and blood fatty acid profiles. Daily milk production was reduced (P
20, 493–508
Elsevier, Science Direct
2011
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Hana A.H. Zakaria, Mouhamad A.R. Jalal and Majdi Abu Shmeis
International Journal of Poultry Science
Abstract: A study was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a commercial multienzyme feed additive (Tomoko, Biogenkoji Research Institute, Japan) on the performance of broilers. Four isoenergetic and isontirogenous diets consisting of control diet without enzyme (Con) and three test diets supplemented with Tomoko at 250 (T250), 500 (T500) and 750 (T750) g/tonne of feed were used for starter, grower and finisher phases. Each diet was offered to 10 replicates of 40 one-day-old straight-run Lohmann broiler chicks (n = 1600) in a randomized complete block design (10 blocks of 4 diets each). Data was analyzed using mixed procedure of SAS (repeated measures analysis) for a randomized complete block design, with level of significance set at p = 0.05. Enzyme used in the study was authenticated by the supplier to have minimum level of acidic protease (10,000 U/g), alpha-amylase (40 U/g), pectinase (30 U/g), phytase (10 U/g), glucoamylase (5 U/g) and cellulase (4 U/g). Enzyme supplementation had no significant effect on Feed Intake (FI) at 21 d, while at 42 d birds fed T250 and Con diets significantly consumed more feed than T500 and/or T750. No significant differences were observed for Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR). Body Weight (BW) and Body Weight Gain (BWG) were significantly higher (p
Accepted on 5/3/2010
Asian Network for Scientific Information
2010
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Zakaria H.A., Tabbaa M.j., Al-Shawabkeh K.,
Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences
To determine the role of 0.5% sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) on the performance of chickens inoculated with Salmonella gallinarum, a total of 720 one-day-old-broiler chicks from four strains Hubbard (H), Lohmann (L), Ross (R) and Balady (B) were grown for 42 days in 24 pens, two levels of NaHCO3 (0 and 0.5%) and 3 replicates/treatment (4 strains × 2 dietary treatment × 3 replicates of 30 birds for each group) in a completely randomized design. Dietary NaHCO3 supplementation had signifi cant adverse effects on average body weight (P
18: 335-347.
Elsevier, Science Direct
2009.
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Al-Shawabkeh K, Herzallah S., Al-Fataftah A.,  Zakaria H.
Jordan Journal of agricultural sciences. vol 5(3):314-323
Efect of aflatoxins B1 (AFB1) contaminated feeds on performance parameters (feed intake, body gain and feed conversion ratio) and on the Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) content of chicken meat was investigated in broiler chicks. Feed contaminated with aflatoxin B1 caused a significant (p< 1000 ppb). The CLA content of fat extracted from poultry meat with the skin at the end of the second week was found to be reduced by a minimum of 20% at the end of the second week when the feed was contaminated with AFB1 for the three treatments. Keywords: AFB1, Broiler, Performance, Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA).
DAR Publishers /University of Jordan
2009.
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Zakaria H. A., Jalal M., A. R. and Jabarin A.
 Pakistan Journal of Nutrition,
Abstract A study was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a commercial multienzyme feed additive (Tomoko, Biogenkoji Research Institute, Japan) on the performance of broilers. Four isoenergetic and isontirogenous diets consisting of control diet without enzyme (Con) and three test diets supplemented withTomoko at 250 (T250), 500 (T500) and 750 (T750) g/tonne of feed were used for starter, grower and finisher phases. Each diet was offered to 10 replicates of 40 one-day-old straight-run Lohmann broiler chicks (n =1600) in a randomized complete block design (10 blocks of 4 diets each). Data was analyzed using mixed procedure of SAS (repeated measures analysis) for a randomized complete block design, with level of significance set at p = 0.05. Enzyme used in the study was authenticated by the supplier to have minimum level of acidic protease (10,000 U/g), alpha-amylase (40 U/g), pectinase (30 U/g), phytase (10 U/g),glucoamylase (5 U/g) and cellulase (4 U/g). Enzyme supplementation had no significant effect on Feed Intake (FI) at 21 d, while at 42 d birds fed T250 and Con diets significantly consumed more feed than T500 and/or T750. No significant differences were observed for Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR). Body Weight (BW) and Body Weight Gain (BWG) were significantly higher (p
7(4): 543-539.
Asian Network for Scientiofic Information
2008.
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Al Mater A., Shawabkeh K. Zakaria H.
Dirasat/Agricultural Science
ملخص استهدفت هذه الدراسة تحري انتشار بكتيريا السالمونيلا في ذبائح فروج اللحم في الأردن، واشتملت على فحص 180 عينة حيويًا ومصليًا، تضمنت 60 عينة ذبيحة فروج، و 60 عينة كبد، و 60 عينة قانصة. جمعت هذه العينات عشوائيًا، من مصادر متعددة، ومن مختلف المح ّ لات التجارية الصغيرة والكبيرة داخل مدينة عمان. 11.67 %) عزلة سالمونيلا لكامل العينات المختبرة. وصلت نسبة انتشار السالمونيلا إلى 7 ) دّلت النتائج على وجود 21 6.67 %) في ذبائح فروج اللحم والكبد والقانصة على التوالي. ) 16.67 %) و 4 ) %11.67 ) و 10 ) (% ب 9 عزلات وبنسبة ( 42.86 ( S.enteritidis) أظهرت نتائج الفحص المصلي سيطرة واضحة للسالمونيلا إنتريتيدس لكامل العزلات، أ  ما باقي العزلات فتم تحديد الزمرة التي تنتمي إليها فقط، وذلك لعدم توفر أمصال السالمونيلا اللازمة و 4 عزولات بنسبة ،( S.Group B) لذلك، وكانت على التوالي 7 عزولات بنسبة ( 33.33 %) سالمونيلا مجموعة ب وكان هنالك عزلة وحيدة تم التأكد مصليًا من أنها من أنواع ،(S.Group C2) %19.05 ) سالمونيلا مجموعة ج 2 ) ولم يتم تحديد الزمرة التي تنتمي إليها. ، (Sallmonella Spp.) السالمونيلا الكلمات الدالة: انتشار، السالمونيلا، ذبائح، فروج اللحم.
 Vol. 32, No. 2. 267-276,دراسات، العلوم الزراعية، المجّلد 32 ، العدد 2005 ،2
The Deanship of academic research/University of Jordan
2005
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Dalle Zotte A., Chiericato G.M., Rizzi C., Zakaria H.
Journees de la recherché cunicole..
pp. 23-26. Paris.
2001